What is Azure Cloud Service?
Cloud service can convey multiple web applications in Azure, characterizing a number of parts to disseminate handling and permit adaptable scaling of your application. A cloud service comprises a minimum of one web part, as well as specialist parts, each with its own particular application documents and design. The fundamental favorable position of cloud service is the capacity to help more complex multilevel structures.
Differentiate between Microsoft Azure and AWS.
| Features | Microsoft Azure | Amazon Web Services (AWS) |
| Analytics | Azure Stream Analytics | Amazon Kinesis |
| Backup Options | Azure Backup | Amazon Glacier |
| Compliance | Azure Trust Center | AWS CLoudHSM |
| Content Delivery Network (CDN) | Azure CDN | Amazon CloudFront |
| Data Orchestration | Azure Data Factory | AWS Data Pipeline |
| Hybrid Cloud Storage | StorSimple | AWS Storage Gateway |
| Monitoring | Azure Operational Insights | Amazon CloudTrail |
| NoSQL Database Options | Azure DocumentDB | Amazon DynamoDB |
What is Azure DevOps?
Azure DevOps is a SaaS platform that provides development services for creating work plans, working together on code, developing applications, and deploying them. It offers an end-to-end DevOps toolchain for the development and deployment of software. It is able to integrate with a number of popular tools in the market and is a great way for setting up a DevOps toolchain.
Azure Interview Question
What is Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)?
Azure AD is a cloud-based IAM solution and directory by Microsoft. It brings together application access management, core directory services, and identity protection and turns them into a single solution. It helps employees of an organization sign in and access resources such as:
- External resources, including Microsoft 365, the Azure portal, and a big number of SaaS applications
- Internal resources, such as apps on a corporate network and intranet, as well as any cloud-based apps built by that organization
Azure AD is intended for use by:
- IT Admins
- App Developers
- Azure, Office 365, Microsoft 365, or Dynamics CRM online subscribers
What is Azure Data Factory?
Azure Data Factory is a server less and cloud-based data integration service and platform used for the creation of ETL and ELT pipelines. It helps in the creation of data-driven workflows for the planning and execution of data movements and data transformation at scale.
What is Azure Data bricks?
Azure Data bricks is a Data Analytics platform that offers two environments for the development of data-intensive applications:
- Azure Data bricks SQL Analytics
- Azure Data bricks Workspace
Azure Data bricks integration with the security, compute, analytics, storage, and AI services that are natively provided by cloud providers facilitates the unification of data and AI workloads.
Advance Azure Interview Question
What is Azure Data Lake?
Azure Data Lake is a cloud platform that supports Big Data Analytics through its unlimited storage for structured, semi-structured, or unstructured data of all types and sizes.
What are Azure resources?
Any entity managed by Azure can be referred to as an Azure resource. The following are some examples of Azure resources: Storage accounts, virtual networks, virtual machines, etc.
What are the roles implemented in Windows Azure?
- Web Role
- Worker Role
- Virtual Machine Role
Web Role: It gives a web solution that is front-end. This is like an ASP.NET application. While under facilitating, Azure gives IIS and required services.
Worker Role: It gives solutions for background service. It can run long activities.
Virtual Machine Role: The roles of both web and worker are executed on virtual machines. The Virtual Machine Roles give the client the capacity to modify the virtual machine on which the web and worker roles are running.
Azure Interview Question
What are the three principal segments of the Windows Azure platform?
Windows Azure has three principal segments: Compute, Storage, and Fabric.
A. Windows Azure Compute
Windows Azure gives a code that can be managed by the hosting environment. It gives the calculation benefit through parts. Windows Azure backs three types of roles:
- Web roles utilized for web application programming and upheld by IIS7
- Worker roles utilized for foundation handling of web roles
- Virtual machine (VM) roles utilized for moving windows server applications to Windows Azure in a simple way
B. Windows Azure Storage
It gives four types of storage services:
- Queues for informing between web parts and worker roles
- Tables for storing structural data
- BLOBs (Binary Large Objects) to store contents, records, or vast information
- Windows Azure Drives (VHD) to mount a page BLOB. These can be transferred and downloaded by means of BLOBs
C. Windows Azure AppFabric
AppFabric provides five services:
- Service bus
- Access
- Caching
- Integration
- Composite
Define Windows Azure AppFabric.
Windows Azure Diagnostics empowers you to gather diagnostic data from an application running in Windows Azure. Diagnostic data is used for capacity planning and evaluation.
What is the distinction between Windows Azure Queues and Windows Azure Service Bus Queues?
Azure Queues give a solid, diligent messaging between and within the services. They also highlight a very straightforward rest-based get/put/peek interface.
Bus Queues are part of a more extensive Windows Azure messaging framework that supports queuing.
Advance Azure Interview Question
What is table storage in Windows Azure?
Windows Azure Table storage service stores a lot of organized information. Windows Azure tables are perfect for putting away organized, non-relational data.
Table: A table is a collection of entities. Tables don’t uphold a blueprint on elements, which implies that a solitary table can contain substances that have distinctive arrangements of properties. A record can contain numerous tables.
Entity: An entity is an arrangement of properties, like a database row. An entity can be up to 1 MB in size.
Properties: A property is a name–value pair. Every entity can incorporate up to 252 properties to store data. Every entity likewise has three system properties that determine a segment key, a row key, and a timestamp.
What is auto scaling in Azure?
Scaling by including extra instances is frequently referred to as scaling out. Windows Azure likewise supports scaling up by utilizing bigger roles rather than more role instances.
By adding and expelling role instances to our Windows Azure application while it is running, we can adjust the execution of the application against its running costs.
An auto scaling solution reduces the amount of manual work engaged in dynamically scaling an application.
What are the features of Windows Azure?
Windows Azure runs and stores the information on Microsoft data centers.
The main features are as follows:
- Websites enable the designers to assemble the sites utilizing ASP.NET, PHP, etc., and send these websites utilizing FTP, Git, etc.
- SQL database, formally known as Azure database, makes, broadens, and scales the application into the cloud utilizing Microsoft SQL Server.
- This is Microsoft’s Platform as a Service that supports multilevel applications and automated deployment.
Azure Interview Question
What are the differences between a public cloud and a private cloud?
Private clouds are those that are constructed solely for an individual enterprise. They enable a firm to have applications in the cloud while tending to concerns with respect to data security and control that is frequently ailing in a public cloud environment.
Private cloud is otherwise called an internal cloud or enterprise cloud and dwells on the organization’s Intranet or hosted data center where the data is protected.
What is IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS?
IaaS: IaaS is short for Infrastructure as a Service. It offers a range of capabilities, such as OS and network connectivity, that are at the infrastructural level. It follows a pay-per-use policy. It is used to host applications. Azure VM and VNET are examples of this kind of infrastructure.
PaaS: PaaS is an acronym for Platform as a Service. It primarily includes underlying infrastructure abstraction that allows quicker development of applications without the hassle of hosting management. Azure web apps, cloud services, storage services, etc., are all examples of PaaS.
SaaS: SaaS stands for Software as a Service. These applications are delivered with the help of a service delivery model where applications are simply used by an organization. SaaS follows subscription-based payments or ads. Examples of SaaS are Gmail, Office 365, SharePoint Online, etc.
Is it possible to get a public DNS or IP address for the Azure Internal Load Balancer?
No. Azure Internal Load Balancer supports only private IP addresses.
Advance Azure Interview Question
What is Azure Resource Manager?
Azure Resource Manager, offered by Azure, provides management and application deployment in Azure. The management layer helps to build, modify, or delete resources in the Azure subscription account. It is useful while managing access controls, locks, and security of resources.
What is NSG?
NSG or Network Security Group contains a list of ACL rules that allow or deny network traffic to subnets, network interface cards (NICs) linked to a subnet, or both. When an NSG is connected to a subnet, the ACL rules are for all virtual machines that are located in that subnet. The traffic restrictions to an individual NIC are achieved by linking the NSG directly to that NIC.
What is Azure Redis Cache?
Azure Redis Cache is an in-memory Redis cache system by Azure that helps web applications to optimize performance. Data is fetched from the backend database and stored in the Redis cache for the first request. On subsequent requests, data is fetched from the Redis cache. Azure Redis cache provides powerful and secure caching mechanisms by using Azure Cloud.
Azure Interview Question
Define Azure storage key
Azure storage key is used to authenticate access to Azure storage service data depending on the project requirements. There are two types of storage keys that are used for authentication:
- Primary access key
- Secondary access key, to avoid downtime of the website or application
What is CS Pack in Azure?
CS Pack is a command-line tool that generates the service package file and prepares an application for deployment in Azure or Compute Emulator. Every cloud service type project includes the cloud service configuration file, .cscfg file, generated using CS Pack. It stores:
- The number of role instances for each role deployment
- The certificate thumbprints
- User-defined configurations
Why is Azure Diagnostics API necessary?
Azure Diagnostics API helps to gather diagnostic data, such as system event logs and performance monitoring, from applications operating on Azure. Azure Diagnostics has to be enabled for the cloud service roles. The collected data can be later used for creating visual chart representations that enable better monitoring and create performance metric alerts.
Advance Azure Interview Question
What are the deployment environment options provided by Azure?
There are two deployment environments:
- Staging environment: It is used to validate the changes of an application before making it live.
- Production environment: This is where applications go live and can be accessed by target users with a DNS-friendly URL.
What is Azure Blob Storage?
Azure Blob (binary large object) storage is the object storage solution for the cloud. It is capable of storing large unstructured data in text or binary format and is suitable for serving documents, media, or text to the browser directly. The data is accessible from anywhere.
The blobs are grouped into containers and tied to user accounts. This service has three components:
- Storage account: This can be a general storage account or a blob storage account registered in Microsoft Azure.
- Container: Containers are used for grouping blobs. Each container can store an unlimited number of blobs. The container name should be in lowercase.
- Blob: A blob is a file or document of any type and size. Three kinds of blobs are supported by Azure:
- Block blobs: Text and binary files up to 195GB, 50,000 blocks of maximum 4 MB each
- Append blobs: Appends operations such as logging data in log files
- Page blobs: For frequent read or write operations
What is a role instance in Azure?
Role instance is a virtual machine where application code is run using running role configurations. Multiple instances of a role are also possible according to the definition in cloud service configuration files.
Azure Interview Question
What is Windows Azure Portal?
To run an application, a designer gets to the Windows Azure Portal through his/her web program by logging in with a Windows Live ID. The user at that point chooses whether to create a host account for running applications, a storage account for storing data, or both.
Once the designer has a host account, he/she can utilize a Windows Azure Portal to submit applications to Windows Azure.
Explain Azure Fabric.
Azure Fabric is the principal core concept. It gives a service called Azure Fabric Controller. It is called the OS for Azure since it handles/oversees:
- All roles (processing) and resources
- Sending and activating services
- Monitoring the health of all services
- Releasing and allocating resources
- Provisioning VM, terminating, etc.
- Patches get updated for the installed OS on VM in the most automated form
What do you comprehend about Hybrid Cloud?
A hybrid cloud is a blend of internal and external cloud services, a mix of a private cloud joined with the utilization of public cloud services. This kind of cloud is most appropriate when you need to keep the classified information in your vicinity (private cloud) and consume alternate services from a public cloud.
Advance Azure Interview Question
What is a storage key?
Storage keys or access keys are utilized as a validation mode for accessing the storage services account to control data based on our prerequisites. In Windows Azure, we have an alternative to give a primary access key and a secondary access key, despite the fact that we will utilize a solitary access key to confirm our application to the storage. The primary reason to give the secondary access key is to avoid downtime to the application.
What is Windows Azure Traffic Manager?
It enables users to control the distribution of user traffic of installed Azure cloud services. There are three distinctive load-balancing strategies provided by Azure. The Manager who works on traffic applies a routing policy to the Domain Name Service (DNS) questions on your domain names and maps the DNS courses to the apt instances of your applications.
What is federation in SQL Azure?
Organization in SQL Azure is introduced for scalability. Federation helps both managers and developers scale information. It helps managers by making repartitioning and redistributing of information in a simpler manner. It enables developers in the layer of routing and sharing of information. It helps in routing without application downtime.
Azure Interview Question
What is SQL Azure database?
SQL Azure database is just an approach to get associated with cloud services where you can store your database into the cloud. Microsoft Azure is the most ideal approach to utilize PaaS where you can have different databases on a similar account.
Microsoft SQL Azure has a similar component of SQL Server, i.e., high accessibility, versatility, and security in the core.
Microsoft Azure SQL database has an element; it makes backups of each active database automatically. Consistently a backup is taken and geo-repeated to empower the 1-hour recuperation point objective (RPO) for Geo-Restore.
What are the different types of Storage areas in Windows Azure?
BLOB: BLOBs offer a component for storing a lot of content or binary data, for example, pictures, audio, and visual documents. They can scale up to 200 terabytes and can be acquired by utilizing REST APIs.
Table: Tables represent storage areas across machines for information that is in the form of properties on the cloud.
Line: The sole target of a queue is to empower communication among Web and Worker Role instances. They help in storing messages that may be accessed by a customer.
What is the concept of the table in Windows Azure?
A table is a kind of Azure Storage where you can store your information. BLOBs are put in a compartment and an entity in a table.
Following are the key concepts in a table:
- Tables allow structured data storage.
- There can be 0 to n number of tables in a storage account.
- Tables store information as an accumulation of elements.
- An element has an essential key and properties as a key–value pair.
Advance Azure Interview Question
How to secure Azure functions?
One can secure Azure functions through the following:
- Security Center
- Log and monitor
- HTTPS
- Function access keys
- Authentication/authorization
- Permissions
- Secret management
- Set up usage quotas
- Data validation
- Error handling
- Disabled remote debugging
- Restricted CORS access
- Store the data encrypted
- Secure deployment
- Deployment credentials
- Disabled FTP
- Secure scm endpoint
- Continuous security validation
- Network security
What is Conditional Access in Azure?
Conditional Access is used by Azure AD as a tool to make decisions, bring signals together, and impose organizational policies.
Through Conditional Access policies, one can implement the right access controls whenever required to keep the organization secure and stay out of the users’ way when not needed.
When should you use a static IP address in Azure?
In Azure, a static IP address is used when the address connected to the device is not to be changed.
Azure Interview Question
How does Azure Site Recovery work?
Site Recovery orchestrates and automates the replication of Azure VMs in different locations—on-premises machines to a secondary data center, and on-premises VMs and physical servers to Azure.
It contributes to business continuity and disaster recovery (BCDR) by enabling access to apps from the secondary location in case of an outage at the primary site.
Why should you use Azure CDN?
Azure CDN reduces the bandwidth and load time. It also helps speed up the responsiveness.
Explain the benefits of Traffic Manager.
Azure Traffic Manager has the following benefits:
- Optimized performance
- No downtime during the update or maintenance process
- Easily configurable on the Windows Azure portal
Advance Azure Interview Question
What is the difference between a library and a list?
A library is an interface that enables the management and storage of a document created in Word, Excel, or PowerPoint. A list, on the other hand, is the representation of an item in a tabular format (with columns and rows). It can be attached with documents.
How many services are there in Azure?
Azure has over 6,000 flexible offerings, and it utilizes the data capacity offered by Microsoft for Software, Platform, and Infrastructure as a Service (SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS).
How many types of backups are there in Azure?
Azure Backup includes three types of replications that keep both storage and data highly available.
- Geo-redundant storage (GRS): The default and recommended option that replicates data to a secondary region far from the primary location
- Locally redundant storage (LRS): Creates three copies of the data in a storage scale unit within a data center
- Zone-redundant storage (ZRS): Replicates the data in availability zones with data residency and resiliency in the same region and has no downtime
Azure Interview Question
How can you have a common file-sharing system among multiple virtual machines?
Azure files system is used as a common repository system for data sharing among virtual machines that are configured using protocols such as NFS, FTPS, SMB, etc.
What is the TFS build system in Azure?
A build is the solution of an output. In Azure projects, you get the record with a .cspkg extension, that is, a Cloud Service Package is utilized for the deployment of your cloud administration.
Build Servers: In general terms, a build server is a machine where you put your deployment packages.
To utilize Team Foundation Build, you should have no less than one build machine. This machine can be a physical machine or a virtual machine.
Build Controllers: Manufacture Controllers are the component in the build system that accepts the build requests from any task inside the group project. Each build controller is dedicated to a solitary team project collection. So, there is a balanced relationship between a team project and a build controller.
Build Agents: Build Agents are components in the build system that accomplishes more processor-concentrated work.
What is Azure App Service?
Azure App Service is a completely managed Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) offering for proficient developers that conveys a rich arrangement of abilities to web, mobile, and integration scenarios. Mobile apps in Azure App Service offer a very adaptable, universally accessible mobile application development platform for Enterprise Developers and System Integrators that conveys a rich set of capacities to mobile engineers.
Advance Azure Interview Question
What is profiling in Azure?
Profiling is only a procedure for measuring the performance analysis of an application. It is normally done to guarantee that the application is sufficiently steady and can maintain overwhelming traffic.
Visual Studio gives us different tools to do it by gathering the performance information from the application that likewise helps in troubleshooting issues.
Once the profiling wizard is run, it sets up the execution session and collects the data of the sample.
The profiling reports help in:
Deciding the longest running strategies inside the application
Measuring the execution time of every strategy in the call stack
Assessing memory allocation
What is cmdlet in Azure?
A cmdlet is a lightweight command that is utilized as a part of the Microsoft PowerShell environment. The cmdlets are summoned by the Windows PowerShell to automate the scripts which are in the command line. Windows PowerShell runtime additionally invokes them automatically through Windows PowerShell APIs.
